And solon z



(No Model.)

' 10 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. B. REDMOND& S. Z. RUFF.

GRADING AND EXGAVATING DEVICE.

Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

Wibmeo 00o (No Model.) 1o sheets-sheet 2.

T. B. REDMOND & S. ZpRUFF. GRADING AND IEX'GAVAT'ING DEVICE.

Patefited Aug, 6, 1895.

n fi- {No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet; 3.

T. B. REDMOND & S. Z. RUFF. GRADING AND EXUAVATING DEVICE.

No. 544.051. Patented Aug. 6,1895.

FIG- 3- (No Model.) v Q 10 She,etsSheet 4.

T. B. REDMOND & S. Z. RUFF. GRADING AND EXGAVATING DEVICE.

No. 544,051. Patented Aug. 6,1895.

FIG. 4.

Wiiiwsses 117116711616 WW FBI flttorneys (No Modem" 10 Sheets-Sheet 5. T. B. RBDMOND 85 S. Z. RU]E'F.

GRADING AND EXGAVATING DEVICE. No. 544,051. Patented Augr6, 1895.

I FIG. E.

Wv'Zi eesses;

no Model.) 10 Sheets$heet e.

T. B. REDMOND Kv S. ZyRUFF. GRADING AND EXGAVATING DEVICE.

No. 544,051. Patented Angles, 1895.

FIG-

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fittorneys.

(No' Model.) I: 10 Sheets-Sheet 7. 'T. B. REDMOND 8a 8.2. RUFF.

GRADING AND EXGAVATING DEVICE.

N0. 544,051. Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

Inventors. U. a QLd/mmwr Why 'flllbrneysj Witjzes ses.

(No Model.) 19 Sheets S-heet 8.

T.-B. REDMOND 82 s. Z. RUFF. GRADING AND EXOAVATING DEVICE.

' No. 544,051. Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

'F1r3.l5.

(No Model.)

1 10 SheetsSheet 9'. T. B. REDMOND L- Z. RUFF.

GRADING AND EXGA NG DEVICE.

Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

10 Sheets-Sheet 10,

(No ModeL) H. mm Rm .D ZG .N m wV u NX 0.5 MM DA EG m .D BA 7 R T Patented Aug. 6,1895.

mummu WWI/mo UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS B. REDMOND, OF CI-IATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE, .AND SOLON Z. RUFF,

OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA.

GRADING AND EXCAVATING DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,051, dated August 6, 1895.

Application filed December 18, 1894:. Serial No. 32,2 (No model. I

To aZZ whom it may concern.- the pulley is not movable except in conjunc- Be it known that-we, THOMAS B. REDMOND, tion with the frame. Fig. 13 is an end view a resident of Chattanooga, in the county of of the device shown in Fig. 12, as seen from Hamilton and State of Tennessee, and SOLON the left of the said figure; and Fig. 14. repre- 5 Z. RUFF, a resident of Atlanta, in the county sents a plan view of the device shown in Figs. of Fulton and State of Georgia, citizens of the 12 and 13. Fig. 15 represents a plan view of United States, have invented certain new and the electric locomotive used in our improved useful Improvements in Grading and Excaapparatus. Fig. 16 represents a side elevavating Systems; and we do hereby declare the tion of the said locomotive; and Fig. 17 is a I0 following to be a full, clear, and'exact dedetail view, as seen from the front, of the scription of the invention, such as will enable guiding-wheel of the electriclocomotive. Fig. others skilled in the art to which it apper- 18 represents a side elevation of a traveling tains to make and use the same. support for the conducting-wire along which Our invention relates to improvements in the trolley travels. Fig. 19' is an end view of I5 mechanical systems for excavating and gradthe device shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 20 repreing. It is intended for use in priable soil sents a detail view of the sister hooks for supsuch as sand, clay, hard-pan, and the like porting the conducting-wire. Fig. 21 repreand partsof thesame may be usedin the handsents a plan view of the cross-wire and atling of rock, lumber, &c. tachments along which the traveling support 20 Our invention will be more readily underfor the conducting-wire is caused to travel. stood by reference to the accompanying draw- Fig. 22 represents a side elevation of one of ings, in which the same parts are indicated the scrapers used in connection with our apby the same letters throughout the several paratus, and Fig. 23 represents a plan view views. of the scraper shown in Fig. 22. 7. 25 Figure 1 represents a diagrammatic plan Arepresentsthe truck ofthe portable steamview of the entire apparatus except the genengine, on which the boiler, cylinders, drums, erator of electricity. The various details of and other operative parts are mounted. This the said figure are not drawn to scale in ortruck is mounted upon the wheels A and A der that the features may be brought out with on the axles a and a, and it is provided with 30 more clearness. Fig. 2 represents aside elea grating A for the fireman, platform A for vation of a portable steam-engine adapted for the engineer, and a roof A The front axle use in the apparatus. Fig. 3 represents a moves on a pivot a and is turned to the doplan view of the engine shown in Fig. 2, exsired angle by means of the pinion a which cept that the roof has been removed. Fig. 3 gears in the quadrantal rack'a. This pinion 5 is a detail View of the clutch device. Fig. 4 is operated by shaft a and hand a whereby represents a front view of the engine shown the direction of the portablesteam-engine may in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 5 represents a front be guided at will. View of an improved form of dead-man. Fig. The boiler B, mounted on the truck A, is 6 represents a plan view of the device shown provided with a smoke-stack B, into which 40 in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 represents a section along the exhaust-steam from the cylinders O is fed -the line 2 2 of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 represents a by means of the escape-pipe G and the vertisection along the line .2" z of Fig. 5. Fig. 9 cal pipe C In this way a forced draft is serepresen-ts a side elevation of the frame of cured. Steam is supplied to the cylinders the dead-man, the movable pulley being omitthrough the feed-pipe O. r 45 ted, together with the frame for the same. The various valves for controlling the sup- Fig. 10 represents a front view of the mov-- ply of steam to the cylinders and the various able pulley with its frame as detached from other well-known attachments to the boiler the device shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 repreare omitted as unnecessary in the drawings, sents a side elevation of the movable pulley not being a part of our invention and being co 50 and itsframe. Fig. 12 representsaside elevawell known in the art.

tion of a modified form of dead-man in which The piston-rods c of the cylinders O are connected to the crank D and D, which drive the shaft D on which are placed the three pinions 61,01, and d These pinions mesh in the idle-gears e, e, and 6 which are mounted on the shaft e and 6 as shown most clearly in Fig. These idle-gears drive the gearwheels fif, and f 011 the shaft F, and thus revolve the said shaft. It will be obvious that a single train of gearing connecting the shafts D and F might be used in the place of the three separate trains of gearing shown in Fig. 3, and that various other modifications in driving the shaft F from the, shaft D" might be made.

The drums F, F, and F are loosely mounted on the shaft F, and are connected to the said shaft, when desired, by means of the clutch-couplings G, G, and G which clutch-couplings may be of any preferred type. By means of the various independent clutch-couplings any one or more of the drums may be rigidly attached to the shaft F and caused to revolve therewith. Thus it will be seen that motion can be transmitted from the shaft D to any one or more of the drums. This shaft D may be also made to propel the truck A, as will be hereinafter described. Mounted on the end of the said shaft D is a crown-wheel d", which meshes in the pinion II, which slides in a keyway on the shaft H and is moved into or out of the operative position by means of the hand-rod H. On this shaft 11 are two sprocket-wheels h, which mesh in the sprocket-chains K, which drive the sprocket-wheels M, fast to the rear axle a. It will thus be seen that the cylinders C may be used either to propel the truck or to operate the drums.

N represents a rope, preferably made of wire, adapted to wind upon the drum F and to be used as a drag for loading the scrapers in connection with the electric locomotive.

N represents a rope, also preferably made of wire, which may be used alternatively or in conjunction with the rope N, and it winds upon the drum F This rope would be ordinarily drawn out for one train of scrapers, as by a horse N while the other rope N was in use dragging a loaded train or loading a train of scrapers.

The rope N is preferably an endless wire which takes one or more turns round the drum F, and passes around the movable pulley T of the dead-man S. This lrope drags theplow O backward and forward and prepares the ground for the scrapers. In order that the plow may be laterally movable, for instance to avoid stumps, rocks, or other obstructions, the pulley T is preferably made so as to be vertically and laterally movable in the dead-man S. This is accomplished by the structure shown in Figs. 5 to 11, inclusive. In these figures the dead-man S is provided with two plates 5", having channel-irons s connected thereto, which serve as guideways for the rollers t of the frame T in which the pulley T is mounted. The weight of this frame T is supported on the roller 15, which thus renders a transverse motion of the said frame much freer than'would otherwise be the case. This pulley T is mounted on a shaft 6 journaled in the frame T, which carries the antifriction-rollers t". The said rollers travel up and down between the guides s", as shown in Fig. 6. Thus it will be seen that the frame T is free to move transversely between the plates S while the pulley T is free to move vertically in the frame T, and thus the direction of the rope N will automatically adjust itself upon the imposition of the requisite amount of pressure on the said rope at the plow O.

The dead-man S is provided with the ordinary anchor-bolts s, and the eye 8', secured to the cap S provides a suitable bearing for the hook at the end of the stay-rope S Suitable stays S and S connect the cap S with the frame at the face of the dead-man.

In the form of dead-man shown in Figs. 12 to 14:, S represents a quadrangular frame, to which are connected inclined struts s, in the top of which the shaft tof the pulley T is journaled. T represents a link provided with an eye t for the hook of the stay-rope. This form of dead-man is secured to the ground by means of stakes, or in any other convenient way, and is stayed by means of the liult and the stay-rope aforesaid.

In the electric locomotive shown in Figs. 15 to 17, P represents a frame sloping at both ends and provided with gratings p for the operator to stand upon. The electric motor for driving this locomotive is carried in the box P and may be of any well-known type. On the axle of the traction-wheels P are mounted brake-wheels 19'. adapted to be borne against by the brake-shoes 11 which are open ated by the hand-rod 19 P represents the trolley for carrying the electric current from the conducting-wire Q to the electric motor, and P represents the switch or rheostat for regulating the admis sion of the current to the motor and the velocity of the said motor.

At the rear end of the electric locomotive the coupling P is provided for coupling onto the scraper next in rear.

The direction of the electric locomotive is regulated by the guide'wheel R, mounted on the shaft r between the arms of the fork R. The said fork R is secured by means of the cross-piece r and r to the lower end of the guide-post B. This guide-post is rigidly attached to the said fork in any convenient way. The upward thrust on this guide-post R is taken up by means of the bearing T which should preferably be either a ball or roller bearing, the upper member of which is rigidly attached to the braces 19 secured to the frame F. The upper end of the guide-post R carries a hand-lever R with a ratchet 1' adapted to engage at any desired portion of the circular rack r, as shown in Figs. 15 and III) .16. By means of the hand-lever R? the wheel R maybe set at any desired angle and the electric locomotive may be readily guided. at will.

The trolley P, which is provided with a grooved roller 19, should be made sufficiently stout to guide the conducting-wire Q laterally. This conducting-wire Q is fed by, means of the wire Q with electr'icityfrom the generator, which latter is not shown. Q is suspended by means of the sister hooks q beneath the frame Q which frame is made of a single plate of metal bent into a rectangular trough and is provided with a grooved roller q and plain rollersq, adapted to receive between them the transverse guide-wires Q on which the said frame Q .is free to move laterally. Beneath the frame Q are guides g ,beneath which the rectangular arms g of the sister hooks g are detachably held. These rollers q and (1 should be made of porcelain or other suitable non-conducting material to prevent the escape of current by the wires Q These Wires Q are detachably connected. by means of the dogs Q to the posts Q. Whenever practicable advantage should be taken of the fact that there are trees or saplings available for use in place of the posts Q One of these dogs Q is provided with a drum g witha hand-crank g for winding up the drum, whereby the cross-wires Q maybe wound or unwound to' the requisite tension, as may be required. Hemp or other rope may be substituted for the cross-wires Q if desired.

It will be seen that if the electric locomotive be guided in any direction beneath these crossewires Q that the trolley will cause the conducting-wire Qto slide backward or forward beneath these wires Q and will thus enable a continuous supply of electricity to be furnished to the electric. motor without shifting the trolley, while at .the same time the electric locomotive will be enabled to follow any desired path within predetermined limits.

In the form of scrapers shown in Figs. 22 and 23 U represents a scraper-body of ordinary construction mounted upon wheels U, journaled in the frame U The two ends of this frame are provided with coupling devices o and 11. Of thesethe coupling device 1; consists of a plate provided with a pin-hole t near one end thereof and a tenon near the other end adapted to receive the angular head to of the fork W, which is journaled in the forward end of the scraper-frame and carries journaled in the said fork the guide-wheel WV. The plate 0 is coupled either to the rear end of the electric locomotive or to the rear end of the scraper next in front, as shown in Fig. 1. It will be seen that whatever the direction of the motive power in front, there will be a tendency to swing this plate '0 by reason of its being rigidly fastened to the front fork to correspond to that direction, thereby turning the wheel W through such The said wire.

an angle as to guide thescraper in the direction that it should follow.

The operation of the system is as follows:

The conducting-wire Q being arranged over an elliptical or oblong track, the steam-engine being arranged across the track, and the deadman being placed in position at or near the tric locomotive by power from the steam-engine through the medium of one or both of the ropes referred to; but it will generally be practicable to take advantage of the slope of the ground in running the loaded scrapers from a highercutting to a lower embankment. As the electric locomotive nears the point where it is desired to dump the scrapers, it is guided in the proper direction by means of the hand'lever R as has been already de scribed. After dumping the scrapers, the empty train may be carried back to the cutting either by having the wire Q make a de tour, as shown in Fig. 1, or by having it go directly back along the top of the embankment, as shown in dotted lines in the said figure. The electric locomotive and train of scrapers will serve to pack the embankment and render it sufliciently firm for these vehicles to travel thereover without the intervention of any tracks specially prepared for the purpose, The n umber of scrapers attached to the electric locomotive and the number of trainsin operation at the same time will depend upon the motive power available, the character of the soil and of the road-bed, and various other conditions of the particular work.

By the herein described apparatus, the necessity for by far the greater portion of man,- ual labor now required in grading and filling will be done away with, and greatly improved results'will be secured at much less cost. These, as the various other advantages of the herein-described system, will readily suggest themselves to any practical railroad contractor. It will be obvious that many modifications of the, herein-described apparatus might be made which could be used without departing from the spirit of our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combinationwith a dirigible electric locomotive, and a trolley carried thereby,

able conducting wire receiving its current therefrom, a plurality of transverse supporting wires stretched above said conducting wire, and a frame provided with an upper grooved roller and lower guide. rollers all of said rollers being made of insulating material, and the said rollers being adapted to receive the said transverse wire and to travel thereon, and supporting said conducting wire, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a dirigible electric locomotive, and a trolley carried thereby, of a source of electricity, and a laterally movable conducting wire receiving its current therefrom, a plurality of transverse supportin g wires stretched above said conducting wire, and a frame provided with an upper grooved roller and lower guide rollers all of said rollers being made of insulating material, and the said rollers being adapted to receive the said transverse wire and to travel thereon, and sister hooks suspended from said frame and inclosing and supporting said conducting wire, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with an endless drag rope, means for propelling the same, of a deadman provided with a vertically and laterally movable pulley adapted to receive the said drag rope, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, a deadman comprising a frame with guideways therein and means for securing the said frame in position, of a second frame provided with antifriction rollers and adapted to slide laterally in said outerframe, the said inner frame being itself provided with guideways, and a wheeled frame traveling in said innerguide ways and carrying the pulley, substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a source of electricity; a laterally movable conducting wire; an electric locomotive, a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive,substantially as described.

6. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a continuous conducting wire arranged in a closed system, laterally movable overhead supports connected to various parts of said conducting wire and supporting the same, a source of electricity connected to said conducting wire; an electric locomotive, a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive, excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive, substantially as described.

7. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a continuous conducting wire arranged in a closed system; cross wires above said conducting wire and suspended from suitable supports, insulated movable carriers free to travel on said cross wires and supporting said conducting wire; a source of electricity connected to said conducting wire; an electric locomotive; a trolley attached to said 10- comotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive, substantially as described.

8. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a source of electricity; a laterally movable conducting wire; an electric locomotive; a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive; a plow; a deadman, and an endless rope connecting said plow with said deadman, substantially as and for the purposes described.

9. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a continuous conducting wire arranged in a closed system; laterally movable overhead supports connected to various parts of said conducting wire and supporting the same; a source of electricity connected to said conducting wire; an electric locomotive, a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive, excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive; a plow; a deadman, and an endless rope connecting said plow with said deadman, substantially as and for the purposes described.

10. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprisinga continuous conducting wire arranged in a closed system; cross wires above said conducting wire and suspended from suitable supports, insulated movahle carriers free to travel on said cross wires and supporting said conducting wire; a source of electricity connected to said conducting wire; an electric locomotive; a trolley attached tov said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a. plurality of drums, and

ICO

ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive; a plow; adeadman, and an endless rope connecting said plow with said deadman, substantially as and for the purposes described.

11. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a source of electricity; a laterally movable conducting wire; an electric locomotive; a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavating devices attached to said electric locomotive;"an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive; a plow; a deadman provided with avertically and laterally movable pulley, and an endless rope connecting said plow with said pulley, substantially as and for the purposes described.

12. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a continuous conducting wire arranged in a closed system; laterally movable overhead supports connected to various parts of said conducting wire and supporting the same; a source of electricity connected to said conducting wire; an electric locomotive; a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavating devices attached to said electriclocomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive; a plow; a deadman provided with a vertically and laterally movable pulley; and an endless rope connecting said plow with said pulley, substantially as and for the purposes described.

13. An apparatus for excavating and grading, comprising a continuous conducting wire arranged in a closed system; cross wires above said conducting wire and suspended from suitable supports, insulated movable carriers free to travel on said cross wires and supporting said conducting wire; a source of electricity connected to said conducting wire; an electric locomotive; a trolley attached to said locomotive and adapted to move said conducting Wire laterally, and thus allow changes in the route of said locomotive; excavatingdevices attached to said electric locomotive; an engine provided with a plurality of drums, and ropes adapted to connect one or more of said drums to said locomotive; a plow; adeadman provided with a vertically and laterally movable pulley, and an endless rope connecting said plow with said pulley, substantially as and for the purposes described.

14. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a dirigible electric locomotive, and a trolley carried thereby, of a source of electricity, and a laterally movable conducting wire receiving its current therefrom, a plurality of transverse supporting wires stretched above said conducting wire,aud movable carriers traveling along said transverse wires and insulated therefrom, and sister-hooks detachably connected to said carriers and supporting said conducting wire, substantially as described.

15.'In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a dirigible l0- comotive, and a trolley carried thereby, of a source of electricity, and a laterally movable conducting wirereceiving its current therefrom, a plurality of transverse supporting wires stretched above said conducting wire, and a frame provided with an upper grooved roller and lower guide rollers all of said rollers being made of insulating material, and the said rollers being adapted to receive the said transverse Wire and to travel thereon, guides attached to the bottom of said frame and sister-hooks provided with holding arms adapted to slide into said guides, the said hooks supporting said conducting wire, substantially as described.

16. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination With adirigible electric locomotive, and a trolley carried thereby, of a source of electricity, and a laterally movable conducting wire receiving its current therefrom, a plurality of transverse supporting wires stretched above said conducting wire, and a frame provided with an upper grooved roller and lower guide rollers all of said rollers being made of insulating material, and the said rollers being adapted to receive the said transverse wire and to travel thereon, and sisterhooks detachably connected to and suspended from said frame and inclosing and supporting said conducting wire, substantially as described.

'17. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a dirigible electric locomotive, and a trolley carried thereby, of a source of electricity, and a laterally mov- ICC able conducting wire receiving its current therefrom, a plurality of transverse supporting wires stretched above said conducting wire, dogs secured at each end of said wire and adapted to engage in wooden supports 18. In an apparatus of the character described, a deadman comprising a vertical frame with guideways therein; braces con nected to said frame and means for securing the said frame in position, of a second frame provided with antifriction rollers and adapted to slide laterally in said outer frame, the said inner frame being itself provided with guideways, and a wheeled frame also provided with antifriction rollers and traveling in said in ner guide ways, and a grooved pulley journaled in said inner frame, substantially as and for the purposes described.

19. In a scraper for use in apparatus of the character described, the combination with a frame and'a scraper body, mounted thereon of two wheels one at either side thereof and In testimony whereof we aiiix our signatures supporting the same; a fork journaled in the in presence of two witnesses. forward portion of said scraper frame and a guidewheel journaledin said fork, and acoup- THOMAS B. REDMON'I). 5 ling link rigidly attached to said fork and SOLON Z. RUFF.

adapted to turn said fork and said guide Witnesses:

wheelin the direction of the draft strain, sub- JOHN 0. WILSON,

stantially as and for the purposes described. HARRY Y. DAVIS. 

